A traitbased approach to the conservation of threatened. Dioon highly sought after and beloved by collectors. Ethnobotany of mexican and northern central american. Lindley in the 19 th century, but most species were discovered during the late 1970s through the. Dioon edule palma sola aka palma sola mexican sago palm. Dioon edule cycad this is a slow growing cycad with 3 to 5 foot long feathery frondlike foliage. The leaflets of dioon edule taper to a sharp point. Pdf the flora of the lower rio bavispe valley from the huasabas area south to the rio aros at 430 to 1510 m. They are very adaptable plants to just about any soil except muddy, nondraining clay. The cycad genus dioon zamiaceae was described by j.
The roots of many plant species are able to distinguish the identity of roots of competing plants. Differences in root response to self roots, roots of a close relative, or roots of nonrelatives have been reported 1 5. Dioon edule, commonly called chestnut dioon or virgins palm, is a slowgrowing, palmlike, evergreen cycad that is native to deciduous oak forests and dry rocky slopes in eastern mexico. Greg and salasmorales were reported along with 14 environmental variables for comparison.
Dioon purpusii rose 1909 honoring carl anton purpus 18531914, one of the leading researchers in mexico at the turn of the 20 th century. Below is our ongoing database of original cycad species descriptions. These advances in dioon research are just a portion of the great concentration of. Plant size influences the leaf nutrient relations of many species, but no cycad species has been studied in this regard. Hill to quantify leaf nutrient concentrations of trees with stems up to 5. We describe the bacterial diversity of the coralloid roots from seven dioon species and their surrounding rhizosphere and soil. We studied ontogenetic changes in competitive and facilitative interactions between a rare gymnosperm dioon sonorense, our target species and different plant and abiotic neighbours. Although it is endangered, only the southern populations are protected within a preservation area, while the remaining populations have. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Torres and the threatened endemic palm brahea aculeata brandegee moore, which cooccur within the biosphere reserve roughly between 500 and 1,000 m asl. The mo population is genetically less diverse than the ef and rn populations. Does plant size influence leaf elements in an arborescent. Interpretation and implementation of the convention trade in plant specimens pdf.
Plastic responses mediated by identity recognition in. Ontogenetic resourceuse strategies in a rare longlived. Dioon sonorense is a dioecious understory species, with stems usually. Cycads are among the oldest seed plants and even predate the dinosaurs. A dioon with twisted leaves and thin, slighly falcate leafltes simple but ending in a sharp spine. It belongs to the zamiaceae plant family within the order cycadales. Pdf epidermal morphology and leaflet anatomy of dioon. With the help of over 7,000 of the worlds best wildlife filmmakers and photographers, conservationists and scientists, featured multimedia factfiles for more than 16,000 endangered species. Deer resistant plants, drought tolerant plants, north american native plants, ornamental seed or fruit, rabbit resistant plants, tropical looking plants, xeriscaping plants, hardy palms and cycads, succulents, woody perennials. Pdf diversity and genetic structure of the endangered. It is considered easy to grow and a good choice for lowmaintenance landscapes. Dioon edule has 1520 leaves that are featherlike pinnate, about 6 ft long, and extend radially out from the trunk. Unlocking a high bacterial diversity in the coralloid root.
It can achieve 8 feet in height and 6 feet in spread. Despite the widespread distribution and ecological. Dioon edule palma sola palma sola mexican sago palm for. A method for extracting highquality rna from diverse. Pdf spatial distribution, survival, and fecundity of dioon edule. Foliage arches out of a half foot wide and three feet tall trunk.
Download the pdf file iucn ssc cycad specialist group. Dioon califanoi dioon caputoi dioon edule dioon edule var. Applications in plant sciences wiley online library. The genus dioon is particularly difficult to work with taxonomically because the differences between species are subtle. It is recommended to plant it away from footpaths and walkways. Dioon edule is the type species and by far the most common of the dioons in cultivation, at least here in california dioon spinulosum could be more common in the tropics. In the trunk of all cycads growth ring are absent, but, in dion edule and dioon spinulosum growth ring are evident, however this. Dioon sonorense is distributed entirely within the state of sonora. Dioon species can be found in central america between the 15th and 29th northern latitude and are part of the neotropical floral kingdom. Ontogenetic shifts in plantplant interactions in a rare. Evolutionary and conservation implications jorge gonza. The genus name dioon means twoegged, referring to the two ovules see photo below. The role of free sugars in plant signaling represents a research priority that is yet to be explored tognetti et al.
Keep moist with welldraining soil, drought resistant once established. Green leaves were sampled in a karst, alkaline habitat in rota and a schist, acid habitat. It show well developed aerial stems growing in habitat up to 1 m in length over centuries. Dioon edule is the most widely cultivated species in this genus.
Dioon edule is a woody dioecious, plant that superficially resemble a palm or a tree fern. Wildscreens arkive project was launched in 2003 and grew to become the worlds biggest encyclopaedia of life on earth. It is a very tropical looking dioon that resembles dioon spinulosum, though usually much shorter, or dioon rzedowskii in appearance. Get to know the worlds most endangered plants free online educational video 22. Diversity and genetic structure of the endangered cycad. Torres 1980 honoring jerzy rzedowski, prominent taxonomist and researcher of mexican flora. See the note at the bottom of the page if you are unable to read them. Dioon mejiae is a small to medium, erect and usually unbranched cycad species mimicking the look of short palm trees. Dioon edule new and old cone, close up of female cone, and leaf detail. Pdf on aug 31, 2012, pablo octavioaguilar and others published las cicadas mexicanas find, read and cite all the research you need on.
Species definition of dioon sonorense zamiaceae, cycadales, and. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Using 16s rrna gene amplicon sequencing, we found that all coralloid roots are inhabited by a broad diversity of bacterial groups, including cyanobacteria and. Dioon holmgrenii is an edulelike species from the pacific coast of oaxaca and is similar to dioon edule in its needs so they dont need to be repeated. Ethnobotany of mexican and northern central american cycads. Conservation genetics of an endangered cycad, dioon sonorense zamiaceae. We illustrate how traitbased information can be translated into welldefined conservation strategies, using the example of dioon sonorense, an endangered cycad endemic to northwestern mexico. Genetic diversity through life history of dioon edule. Scientific information yielded by traitbased research, coupled with existing knowledge derived from wellestablished traditional approaches, could. The range of form within the worlds other major cycad generacycas, ceratozamia, encephalartos, macrozamia, and zamiais much more considerable, thus making identification by key a slightly easier task.
Media in category dioon the following 10 files are in this category, out of 10 total. It typically grows to as much as 68 tall with a short stocky trunk to 612 diameter from which large pinnate leaves radiate outward to 36 long. The role of ontogeny was among the discussed traits, and leaf nitrogen n concentration was greater in seedlings than in juveniles or adults. Dioon dioecious shrubs, with cylindrical stem, usually with many leaves and petioles they are persistent or deciduous the genre is often divided into two groups of different morphology. Pdf a natural habitat of the cycad dioon edue lind\. Librivox free audiobook bzcast cobizz bruces making meaning cathedral of his glory agrelates a candid talk about relationships and connection afrique. New growth is a soft bluegray maturing to shiny green.
Wear heavy gloves when handling or working close to dioon edule to. On feb 15, 2004, palmbob from acton, ca zone 8b wrote. This page was last edited on 9 december 2014, at 19. When the plastic response reduces investment into competitive behaviors, the fitness of two competing plants may increase as a result of the cooperation. Dioon edule palma sola, a variant within the dioon edule complex from mexico, may be its own subspecies. Request pdf species definition of dioon sonorense zamiaceae, cycadales, and description of d. The distribution area includes honduras and parts of mexico. The trunk is usually unbranched or sparsely branched, palmlike and may reach 4 m of height under optimal conditions usually less, 2050 cm diameter. This is a relatively mod sized dioon growing up to 3 high. Pdf preliminary flora of the lower bavispe valley, sonora, mexico. Dioon is a genus of cycads in the family zamiaceae.
Considering evolutionary processes in cycad conservation. They are long lived and slow growing and a plant with 30cm of stem can be quite old 2040. Within the dioon edule complex, dioon edule palma sola is faster growing and larger in nearly every wayits mature overall plant size of is more substantial up to 6 feet tall, the leaf width and spacing are greater up to 3 feet long leaves, and its seed cone is more sizeable. We do get a small commission out of these sponsors that helps financing the website. Pdf species definition of dioon sonorense zamiaceae. It is certainly one of the most variable species with several recognized varieties and many, as yet, unnamed forms in cultivation. The endemic species dioon sonorense comprises the northernmost group of populations of dioon, in sonora, mexico. Population dynamics analysis was performed on two populations of d. Dioon sonorense wikispecies, free species directory.
Gymnosperms and angiosperms can cooccur within the same habitats but key plant traits are thought to give angiosperms an evolutionary competitive advantage in many ecological settings. Cycads are among the few plants that have developed specialized roots to host nitrogenfixing bacteria. In this elevation range, we established 27 plots three 20. We studied relict populations of the cycad dioon caputoi, contrasting its population structure and neighborhood size with those of dioon. Dioon mejiae dioon merolae dioon merolae golden form dioon rzedowskii dioon sonorense dioon sp. The influence of free sugar pools on biotic and abiotic stress relations is also unknown for any cycad species. The impetus was acute need for a better understanding of previously undocumented uses of cycads in this region, and the need to improve cycad conservation strategies using ethnobotanical data. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Ecological and microevolutionary perspectives were used to investigate signs of background extinction in two endemic species. In western mexico wmx guerrero, colima, michoacan, jalisco, nayarit, durango, sinaloa, and sonora states, zamia paucijuga, dioon.
630 858 383 1426 111 885 1446 877 1539 149 858 1258 358 1379 1594 788 1639 462 543 1138 987 1234 1157 293 1027 22 1312 898 1235 189 1431 756